ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of forward head posture on the centre of pressure sway during dual-task balancing with smartphone engagement
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
 
 
Submission date: 2024-05-13
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-08-11
 
 
Publication date: 2024-09-30
 
 
Corresponding author
Weerasak Tapanya   

Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, 19/2 Maeka Subdistrict, Muang District, Phayao 56000, Thailand
 
 
Hum Mov. 2024;25(3):31-42
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Purpose:
Forward head posture (FHP) may affect postural stability and balance. This study examines how smartphone texting while balancing, as a dual task, influences the body’s centre of pressure (CoP) during single-leg standing in individuals with FHP compared to those with normal posture.

Methods:
The study utilized a randomized repeated measures design to assess single-leg standing balance and CoP across six conditions. Fifty participants, divided into two groups (25 with FHP and 25 with normal posture), underwent testing sequences involving non-smartphone usage (NU; single task), one-handed smartphone usage (1H; dual task), and two-handed smartphone usage (2H; dual task) on both soft and hard surfaces.

Results:
The study found that individuals with FHP showed increased CoP sway compared to those with normal posture across all conditions. Both 1H and 2H increased sway compared to non-usage for both groups, with a notable difference in FHP individuals on soft surfaces, where 2H led to greater sway.

Conclusions:
Individuals with FHP are at a higher risk of balance issues during both NU and smartphone use, particularly during 2H. These results highlight the importance of addressing the impact of FHP on balance control and implementing interventions to reduce associated risks.

 
REFERENCES (40)
1.
Torkamani MH, Mokhtarinia HR, Vahedi M, Gabel CP. Relationships between cervical sagittal posture, muscle endurance, joint position sense, range of motion and level of smartphone addiction. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023;24(1):61; doi: 10.1186/s12891-023-06168-5.
 
2.
Chen Y-L, Chen K-H, Cheng Y-C, Chang C-C. Field study of postural characteristics of standing and seated smartphone use. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(8):4583; doi: 10.3390/ijerph19 084583.
 
3.
Song D, Kim E, Kwon Y, Kim H, Shin G. Changes in the range of head f lexion rotation and neck muscle activity after prolonged use of a smartphone. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Ann Meet. 2020;64(1):930–3; doi.org/10.1177/1071181320 641222.
 
4.
Ojha R, Sindhu B, Sen S. Effects of smartphone addiction on sitting neck posture & hand discomfort: a cross sectional study. Int J Health Sci. 2022; 6(2):13642–50; doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS2.8595.
 
5.
Onofrei RR , Amaricai E, Suciu O, David VL, Rata AL, Hogea E. Smartphone use and postural balance in healthy young adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9):3307; doi: 10.3390/ ijerph17093307.
 
6.
Almajid R, Appiah-Kubi KO, Cipriani D, Goel R. Dual-tasking interference is exacerbated outdoors: a pilot study. Front Sports Active Living. 2023;5; doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1077362.
 
7.
Shahidian H, Begg R, Ackland DC. The influence of cell phone usage on dynamic stability of the body during walking. J Appl Biomech. 2022;38(6): 365–72; doi: 10.1123/jab.2021-0374.
 
8.
Carneros-Prado D, Dobrescu CC , Gonzalez I, Fontecha J, Johnson E, Hervas R. Analysis of dualtasking effect on gait variability while interacting with mobile devices. Mathematics. 2023;11(1): 202; doi: 10.3390/math11010202.
 
9.
Lino TB, Scarmagnan GS, Sobrinho-Junior SA, Tessari GMF, Goncalves GH, Pereira HM, Christofoletti G. Impact of using smartphone while walking or standing: a study focused on age and cognition. Brain Sci. 2023;13(7):987; doi: 10.3390/ brainsci13070987.
 
10.
Saraiva M, Fernandes OJ, Vilas-Boas JP, Castro MA. Standing posture in motor and cognitive dual- tasks during smartphone use: linear and nonlinear analysis of postural control. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022;12(8):1021–33; doi: 10.3390/ejihpe12080073.
 
11.
Ozdemir RA, Contreras-Vidal JL, Lee B-C, Paloski WH. Cortical activity modulations underlying age-related performance differences during posture- cognition dual tasking. Exp Brain Res. 2016; 234(11):3321–34; doi: 10.1007/s00221-016-4730-5.
 
12.
Lu Z, Zhang X, Mao C, Liu T, Li X, Zhu W, Wang C, Sun Y. Effects of mobile phone use on gait and balance control in young adults: a hip-ankle strategy. Bioengineering. 2023;10(6):665; doi: 10.3390/ bioengineering10060665.
 
13.
Sajewicz J, Dziuba-Słonina A. Texting on a smartphone while walking affects gait parameters. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(5):4590; doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054590.
 
14.
Ahmadipoor A, Khademi-Kalantari K, Rezasoltani A, Naimi S-S, Akbarzadeh-Baghban A. Effect of Forward Head Posture on dynamic balance based on the biodex balance system. J Biom Phys Eng. 2022;12(5):543–8; doi: 10.31661/jbpe. v0i0.1912-1036.
 
15.
Xie Y, Szeto GP, Dai J, Madeleine P. A comparison of muscle activity in using touchscreen smartphone among young people with and without chronic neck-shoulder pain. Ergonomics. 2016; 59(1):61–72; doi: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1056237.
 
16.
Abbasi H, Alizadeh MH, Rajabi R, Mohammadi F. Comparison of static and dynamic postural stability between individuals with and without forward head posture. Phys Treatments. 2020;10(3): 127–34.
 
17.
Tapanya W, Maharan S, Amput P, Sangkarit N, Suwannakul B. The influence of knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor strength on single-leg standing balance in older women. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2023;8(2):67; doi: 10.3390/jfmk8 020067.
 
18.
Salahzadeh Z, Maroufi N, Ahmadi A, Behtash H, Razmjoo A, Gohari M, Parnianpour M. Assessment of forward head posture in females: observational and photogrammetry methods. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2014;27(2):131–9; doi: 10.3233/BMR-130426.
 
19.
Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Alonso-Blanco C, Cuadrado ML, Pareja JA. Forward head posture and neck mobility in chronic tension-type headache: a blinded, controlled study. Cephalalgia. 2006;26(3): 314–9; doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.01042.x.
 
20.
Gallego-Izquierdo T, Arroba-Díaz E, García-Ascoz G, Val-Cano MDA, Pecos-Martin D, Cano-dela- Cuerda R. Psychometric proprieties of a mobile application to measure the craniovertebral angle a validation and reliability study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6521; doi: 10.3390/ ijerph17186521.
 
21.
Haworth J, Stergiou N. Orderliness of visual stimulus motion mediates sensorimotor coordination. Fron Physiol. 2018;9:1441; doi: 10.3389/fphys. 2018.01441.
 
22.
Rand TJ, Mukherjee M. Transitions in persistence of postural dynamics depend on the velocity and structure of postural perturbations. Exp Brain Res. 2018;236(5):1491–500; doi: 10.1007/s00221-018- 5235-1.
 
23.
Meade ZS, Marmelat V, Mukherjee M, Sado T, Takahashi KZ. Comparison of a portable balance board for measures of persistence in postural sway. J Biomech. 2020;100:109600; doi: 10.1016/j. jbiomech.2020.109600.
 
24.
Luo Y, Grimaldi N, Zheng H, Giang WCW, Hu B. Distraction from smartphones changed pedestrians’ walking behaviors in open areas. Motor Control. 2023;27(2):275–92; doi: 10.1123/mc. 2022-0023.
 
25.
Riem LI, Schmit BD, Beardsley SA (eds.). The Effect of Discrete Visual Perturbations on Balance Control during Gait. In: 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC ); 2020 20–24 July 2020; doi: 10.1109/EMBC 44109.2020.917 6303.
 
26.
Dandumahanti BP, Subramaniyam M. Influence of smartphone game play on head flexion angle, muscle activity, and load at C7 among adolescents. Work. 2023;75:1413–25; doi: 10.3233/WOR -22 0422.
 
27.
Wah SW, Chatchawan U, Chatprem T, Puntumetakul R. Prevalence of static balance impairment and associated factors of university student smartphone users with subclinical neck pain: cross-sectional study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10723; doi: 10.3390/ijerph 191710723.
 
28.
Poursadegh M, Azghani MR, Chakeri Z, Okhravi SM, Salahzadeh Z. Postures of the head, upper, and lower neck in forward head posture: static and quasi-static analyses. Middle East J Rehabil Health Stud. 2023;10(4):e136377; doi: 10.5812/ mejrh-136377.
 
29.
Suwaidi ASA, Moustafa IM, Kim M, Oakley PA, Harrison DE. A comparison of two forward head posture corrective approaches in elderly with chronic non-specific neck pain: a randomized controlled study. J Clin Med. 2023;12(2):542; doi: 10.3390/jcm12020542.
 
30.
Shishkin N, Kitov V, Sayenko D, Tomilovskaya E. Sensory organization of postural control after long term space flight. Front Neural Circuits. 2023;17: 1135434; doi: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1135434.
 
31.
Chaudhary S, Saywell N, Taylor D. The differentiation of self-motion from external motion is a prerequisite for postural control: a narrative review of visual-vestibular interaction. Front Hum Neurosci. 2022;16:697739; doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.697 739.
 
32.
Ha S-Y, Sung Y-H. A temporary forward head posture decreases function of cervical proprioception. J Exerc Rehabil. 2020;16(2):168–74; doi: 10.12965/ jer.2040106.053.
 
33.
Migliarese S, White E. Review of forward-head posture and vestibular deficits in older adults. Curr Geriatr Rep. 2019;8(3):194–201; doi: 10.1007/ s13670-019-00292-8.
 
34.
Raoufi Z, Sarrafzadeh J, Emrani A, Ghorbanpour A. Interaction between proprioception, forward head posture and neck pain in adult women. Func Disabil J. 2020;2.12.
 
35.
Kawasaki T, Ohji S, Aizawa J, Sakai T, Hirohata K, Koseki T, Kuruma H, Okawa A, Jinno T. Characteristics of head and neck alignment and function of deep cervical flexor muscles in patients with nonspecific neck pain. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024;39:565–71; doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.063.
 
36.
Kim E-K, Kim S-G. Forward head posture (FHP) angle and plantar pressure resulting from oscillatory stimulation training of the shoulder joint: a randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2019;32:37–42; doi: 10.3233/ BMR-160748.
 
37.
Oh H-J, Song G-B. Effects of neurofeedback training on the brain wave of adults with forward head posture. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(10):2938–41; doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2938.
 
38.
Saraiva M, Paszkiel S, Vilas-Boas JP, Castro MA. Influence of cognitive task difficulty in postural control and hemodynamic response in the pre frontal cortex during static postural standing. Appl Sci. 2022;12(13):6363; doi: 10.3390/app12136363.
 
39.
Tsang SMH, Cheing GLY, Chan JWK. Severity of slouched posture during smartphone use is associated with the musculoskeletal discomfort, daily usage, and school year among adolescents. Ergonomics. 2023;66(9):1340–53; doi: 10.1080/ 00140139.2022.2146208.
 
40.
Panihar U, Joshi S. Systematic review and metaanalysis on efficacy of various exercise programs to improve postural parameters, pain and disability in neck. Comparative Exerc Physiol. 2023; 19(2):101–10; doi: 10.3920/CEP220074.
 
eISSN:1899-1955
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top